Greener Journal of Biological Sciences

Greener Journal of  Biological Sciences Vol. 6 (5), pp. 079-083, November 2016.

 © 2016 Authors

Research Paper

Manuscript Number: 103116195

(DOI: http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBS.2016.5.103116195)

 

Germination and Early Seedling Growth Studies of Zea mays L. Grown in Pennisetum glaucum Seed Extract Treated Medium

 

*¹Etukudo Mbosowo M, ²Okereke Ifeoma J and ³Udo Joseph I

 

^1*Department of Biology, Federal University Otuoke, P.M.B. 126, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

²Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.

³Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Port Harcourt, River state, Nigeria.

Abstract

Germination and early seedling growth of Zea mays L were studied in the laboratory using aqueous extract from seeds of Pennisetum glaucum. The concentration levels of the extracts used were, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%, alongside a control  0% (distilled water).  The phytochemical and mineral nutrients analysis of  Pennisetum glaucum seed extracts indicated the proportion of phytochemicals in their decreasing order;  alkaloids, phytate, tannin, saponin, and flavonoid while   mineral elements such  as K, Na, Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, N and Pb were found in their decreasing order of contents. The coefficient of velocity of germination of Zea mays was relatively higher than that of the control at 40, 60, 80, and 100 % levels of concentration of seed extract of P. glaucum. The germination percentage increased with increase in concentration of seed extract of P. glaucum with the highest value recorded at 100%  level of concentration relative to the control. The shoot length  and root length of the  crop recorded higher values at 80 and 100%, and 100%  levels of concentration of  seed extract of P. glaucum, respectively, comparable with the control treatment. The fresh weight and dry weight of Z. mays increased with increase in the concentration of seed extract of P. glaucum with values relatively higher than the control treatment at 80 and 100% levels of concentration for fresh weight and at 100% level of concentration for dry weight  Therefore, this study suggests that the extracts from this plant can be utilized as nutrients supplements for improved growth and development of Zea mays L.

 

Key words: Germination, seedling growth,   seed extract, Pennisetum glaucum, Zea mays.

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