Vol. 10(1), pp. 08-15, 2020
ISSN: 2276-7762
Copyright ©2020, the copyright of this article is retained by the author(s)
https://gjournals.org/GJBS
In vitro Antibacterial Activity of crude extracts of leaf, bark and root of Azadirachta indica on some selected medically important Bacteria
*Adamu M.B.; Moshood A.Y.; Adamu S.U.; Uba A.
Department of community medicine, College of medical sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248.
Article No.: 122719226
Type: Research
Azadirachta indica (Neem) is one of the medicinal plants known for over 2000 years to have a wide spectrum of medicinal properties. In vitro antibacterial activity of the crude extracts of the leaf, bark and root of this plant was carried out using agar disc diffusion method on three medically important bacteria namely: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. Phytochemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of secondary metabolites like tannins saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, lipids, flavanoids, volatile oil and terpenoids. Both gram positive and gram negative bacteria were found to be susceptible to the extracts of A. indica. It has been reported that different solvents have different extraction capacities and different spectrum of solubility for the phytoconstiuents. The best and optimal interactions occurred with methanol extract of the root against salmonella typhi, From the result obtained methanol extract of the root of Azadirachta indica showed the highest activity against salmonella typhi (23mm) at concentration of 1000mg and least activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12mm) at the same concentration. Methanol extract of the root contain high amount of these phytochemical compounds while acetone extract of the leaf of Azadirachta indica contain little amount of these phytochemical components. The findings from this work support the traditional knowledge of the local users and it is a preliminary scientific validation for the use of these plant parts for the treatment of many illnesses.
Accepted: 06/01/2020
Published: 31/01/2020
*Corresponding Author
Adamu M.B,
E-mail: Maryambappah045@ gmail.com
Keywords:
Phytochemical screening; Azadirachta indica; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Minimum bactericidal concentration
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Journal Name : citation_journal : Greener Journal of Biological Sciences
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