Oguwike et al

Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences

Vol. 3 (1), pp. 1-5, 2018

Copyright ©2018, the copyright of this article is retained by the author(s)

DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126

http://gjournals.org/GJBHS

 

 

X-Rays of the Potential Elements in Soft Drinks and Their Effects on Some Blood Parameters, Glucose Concentration, Growth and Development of Children and Youths

 

 

Oguwike, F.N.; Igwedibia, C.P.; Ifedi, I.C.; Dim, C.N.; Offor, C.C.; Oguwike, E.R.C.

 

 

1Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Campus Anambra State.

2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Anambra State.

3Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Amaku- Awka, Anambra State.

 

 

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT  

Article No.: 083018126

Type: Research

DOI: 10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126

   

Children and youths require adequate food and drinks for development and growth. Soft drinks are one of those things that can play a good role in the development of growth of children and youths.  Fifty (50) bottles of soft drinks of different brands namely Fanta, Coke, Teem Lemon, Sprite, and Teem Soda were analyzed to know their material make-up. Also twenty (20) subjects consisting of both children and youths were used to study the effect of incessant drinking of soft drinks for 7days. It was observed in the study that the material make-up of most soft drinks are carbonated water, (the major content), sugar and sweetener, followed by flavor and caffeine (in Coca-Cola). The blood glucose concentration in the test subjects (Group B) were higher (FBS 92 + 0.7, RBS 105 + 0.5mg/dl) compared to their corresponding controls (FBS 74.6 + 0.8, RBS 76.2 + 0.3mg/dl), also there was gain in the weight of the test subjects compared to their corresponding control (control weight 35.2 + 0.6kg, Test subjects 52.0 + 1.4kg). No significant variance (P>0.05) in the haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of the test subjects and control subjects. It could be deduced from this study that the presence of sugar and caffeine could be affecting the growth and development of children and youths.  

Submitted: 30/08/2018

Accepted:  08/09/2018

Published: 03/12/2018  

*Corresponding Author

Oguwike F.N

E-mail: foguwike@ gmail. com

Phone: 08037791363  

Keywords:

Soft drinks, Haemoglobin, Weight, Carbonated water, Glucose, Youths and Children     Return to Content       View [Full Article – PDF]

[Full Article – HTML]              [Full Article – EPUB] Post-Publication Peer-review Rundown

View/get involved, click [Peer-review]

REFERENCES

 

Baker F.G, Silverton G.E (1998). Haemoglobin Measurement. Introduction to Medical Lab. Technology. Butter worth Publication, Woburn London p358.

 

Blood Glucose Monitoring System (BG meter) 2007, manufactured by First Gulf international Inc. (FGICO) 3055 Sage road #210 Houston Texas 77056 USA.

 

David W.M (1977).. Nucleotides. Review of physiological chemistry 16th edition. Published by Lange Medical Publication California pg. 123.

 

Electronic code of federal regulations United States Government. Archived from the original on June 13, 2011. Retrieved Febuary 28, 2011. Sec.37.71 pp. (C) and (F).

 

Harbourne J.B.C, (1973). Phytochemical method, Chapman and Hall, London p. 269

 

Kregiel D, (2015). Biomed Research development volume 2015. Article ID 128697. http://dx.doi.org/10-1155/2015.

 

Mayer P.A (1977). Digestion and absorption from the digestive tract. Review of physiological chemistry 16th edition. Published by Lange Medical Publication California pg. 211

 

Oguwike F.N, Alagwu E.A (2013). Comparative study on the effects of various feeds on the fertility hormone levels and blood parameters in albino wistar rats: Journal of health and visual sciences Vol. 15 (1): 38-42 http://ajol:info/index.php/jhvs/issues/archive.

 

Osman A.A, (1978). The importance of sugar in the diet of the school child. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 1931 Jun: 24 (8):1103-1110.

 

Oyewola D, (2002). Functions of growth hormone. Essential physiology vol. 1 p. 186. Published by Nihort press. ISBN 978-3211-8-6 Ibadan Nigeria.

 

Cite this Article: Oguwike, FN; Igwedibia, CP; Ifedi, IC; Dim, CN; Offor, CC; Oguwike, ERC (2018). X-Rays of the Potential Elements in Soft Drinks and Their Effects on Some Blood Parameters, Glucose Concentration, Growth and Development of Children and Youths. Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 3(1), 1-5, http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126.

Journal Name : citation_journal : Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences

Oguwike et al

Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences

Vol. 3 (1), pp. 1-5, 2018

Copyright ©2018, the copyright of this article is retained by the author(s)

DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126

http://gjournals.org/GJBHS

 

 

X-Rays of the Potential Elements in Soft Drinks and Their Effects on Some Blood Parameters, Glucose Concentration, Growth and Development of Children and Youths

 

 

Oguwike, F.N.; Igwedibia, C.P.; Ifedi, I.C.; Dim, C.N.; Offor, C.C.; Oguwike, E.R.C.

 

 

1Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Campus Anambra State.

2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Anambra State.

3Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Amaku- Awka, Anambra State.

 

 

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT  

Article No.: 083018126

Type: Research

DOI: 10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126

   

Children and youths require adequate food and drinks for development and growth. Soft drinks are one of those things that can play a good role in the development of growth of children and youths.  Fifty (50) bottles of soft drinks of different brands namely Fanta, Coke, Teem Lemon, Sprite, and Teem Soda were analyzed to know their material make-up. Also twenty (20) subjects consisting of both children and youths were used to study the effect of incessant drinking of soft drinks for 7days. It was observed in the study that the material make-up of most soft drinks are carbonated water, (the major content), sugar and sweetener, followed by flavor and caffeine (in Coca-Cola). The blood glucose concentration in the test subjects (Group B) were higher (FBS 92 + 0.7, RBS 105 + 0.5mg/dl) compared to their corresponding controls (FBS 74.6 + 0.8, RBS 76.2 + 0.3mg/dl), also there was gain in the weight of the test subjects compared to their corresponding control (control weight 35.2 + 0.6kg, Test subjects 52.0 + 1.4kg). No significant variance (P>0.05) in the haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of the test subjects and control subjects. It could be deduced from this study that the presence of sugar and caffeine could be affecting the growth and development of children and youths.  

Submitted: 30/08/2018

Accepted:  08/09/2018

Published: 03/12/2018  

*Corresponding Author

Oguwike F.N

E-mail: foguwike@ gmail. com

Phone: 08037791363  

Keywords:

Soft drinks, Haemoglobin, Weight, Carbonated water, Glucose, Youths and Children     Return to Content       View [Full Article – PDF]

[Full Article – HTML]              [Full Article – EPUB] Post-Publication Peer-review Rundown

View/get involved, click [Peer-review]

REFERENCES

 

Baker F.G, Silverton G.E (1998). Haemoglobin Measurement. Introduction to Medical Lab. Technology. Butter worth Publication, Woburn London p358.

 

Blood Glucose Monitoring System (BG meter) 2007, manufactured by First Gulf international Inc. (FGICO) 3055 Sage road #210 Houston Texas 77056 USA.

 

David W.M (1977).. Nucleotides. Review of physiological chemistry 16th edition. Published by Lange Medical Publication California pg. 123.

 

Electronic code of federal regulations United States Government. Archived from the original on June 13, 2011. Retrieved Febuary 28, 2011. Sec.37.71 pp. (C) and (F).

 

Harbourne J.B.C, (1973). Phytochemical method, Chapman and Hall, London p. 269

 

Kregiel D, (2015). Biomed Research development volume 2015. Article ID 128697. http://dx.doi.org/10-1155/2015.

 

Mayer P.A (1977). Digestion and absorption from the digestive tract. Review of physiological chemistry 16th edition. Published by Lange Medical Publication California pg. 211

 

Oguwike F.N, Alagwu E.A (2013). Comparative study on the effects of various feeds on the fertility hormone levels and blood parameters in albino wistar rats: Journal of health and visual sciences Vol. 15 (1): 38-42 http://ajol:info/index.php/jhvs/issues/archive.

 

Osman A.A, (1978). The importance of sugar in the diet of the school child. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 1931 Jun: 24 (8):1103-1110.

 

Oyewola D, (2002). Functions of growth hormone. Essential physiology vol. 1 p. 186. Published by Nihort press. ISBN 978-3211-8-6 Ibadan Nigeria.

 

Cite this Article: Oguwike, FN; Igwedibia, CP; Ifedi, IC; Dim, CN; Offor, CC; Oguwike, ERC (2018). X-Rays of the Potential Elements in Soft Drinks and Their Effects on Some Blood Parameters, Glucose Concentration, Growth and Development of Children and Youths. Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 3(1), 1-5, http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126.

Journal Name : citation_journal : Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences

Oguwike et al

Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences

Vol. 3 (1), pp. 1-5, 2018

Copyright ©2018, the copyright of this article is retained by the author(s)

DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126

http://gjournals.org/GJBHS

 

 

X-Rays of the Potential Elements in Soft Drinks and Their Effects on Some Blood Parameters, Glucose Concentration, Growth and Development of Children and Youths

 

 

Oguwike, F.N.; Igwedibia, C.P.; Ifedi, I.C.; Dim, C.N.; Offor, C.C.; Oguwike, E.R.C.

 

 

1Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Campus Anambra State.

2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Anambra State.

3Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Amaku- Awka, Anambra State.

 

 

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT  

Article No.: 083018126

Type: Research

DOI: 10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126

   

Children and youths require adequate food and drinks for development and growth. Soft drinks are one of those things that can play a good role in the development of growth of children and youths.  Fifty (50) bottles of soft drinks of different brands namely Fanta, Coke, Teem Lemon, Sprite, and Teem Soda were analyzed to know their material make-up. Also twenty (20) subjects consisting of both children and youths were used to study the effect of incessant drinking of soft drinks for 7days. It was observed in the study that the material make-up of most soft drinks are carbonated water, (the major content), sugar and sweetener, followed by flavor and caffeine (in Coca-Cola). The blood glucose concentration in the test subjects (Group B) were higher (FBS 92 + 0.7, RBS 105 + 0.5mg/dl) compared to their corresponding controls (FBS 74.6 + 0.8, RBS 76.2 + 0.3mg/dl), also there was gain in the weight of the test subjects compared to their corresponding control (control weight 35.2 + 0.6kg, Test subjects 52.0 + 1.4kg). No significant variance (P>0.05) in the haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of the test subjects and control subjects. It could be deduced from this study that the presence of sugar and caffeine could be affecting the growth and development of children and youths.  

Submitted: 30/08/2018

Accepted:  08/09/2018

Published: 03/12/2018  

*Corresponding Author

Oguwike F.N

E-mail: foguwike@ gmail. com

Phone: 08037791363  

Keywords:

Soft drinks, Haemoglobin, Weight, Carbonated water, Glucose, Youths and Children     Return to Content       View [Full Article – PDF]

[Full Article – HTML]              [Full Article – EPUB] Post-Publication Peer-review Rundown

View/get involved, click [Peer-review]

REFERENCES

 

Baker F.G, Silverton G.E (1998). Haemoglobin Measurement. Introduction to Medical Lab. Technology. Butter worth Publication, Woburn London p358.

 

Blood Glucose Monitoring System (BG meter) 2007, manufactured by First Gulf international Inc. (FGICO) 3055 Sage road #210 Houston Texas 77056 USA.

 

David W.M (1977).. Nucleotides. Review of physiological chemistry 16th edition. Published by Lange Medical Publication California pg. 123.

 

Electronic code of federal regulations United States Government. Archived from the original on June 13, 2011. Retrieved Febuary 28, 2011. Sec.37.71 pp. (C) and (F).

 

Harbourne J.B.C, (1973). Phytochemical method, Chapman and Hall, London p. 269

 

Kregiel D, (2015). Biomed Research development volume 2015. Article ID 128697. http://dx.doi.org/10-1155/2015.

 

Mayer P.A (1977). Digestion and absorption from the digestive tract. Review of physiological chemistry 16th edition. Published by Lange Medical Publication California pg. 211

 

Oguwike F.N, Alagwu E.A (2013). Comparative study on the effects of various feeds on the fertility hormone levels and blood parameters in albino wistar rats: Journal of health and visual sciences Vol. 15 (1): 38-42 http://ajol:info/index.php/jhvs/issues/archive.

 

Osman A.A, (1978). The importance of sugar in the diet of the school child. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 1931 Jun: 24 (8):1103-1110.

 

Oyewola D, (2002). Functions of growth hormone. Essential physiology vol. 1 p. 186. Published by Nihort press. ISBN 978-3211-8-6 Ibadan Nigeria.

 

Cite this Article: Oguwike, FN; Igwedibia, CP; Ifedi, IC; Dim, CN; Offor, CC; Oguwike, ERC (2018). X-Rays of the Potential Elements in Soft Drinks and Their Effects on Some Blood Parameters, Glucose Concentration, Growth and Development of Children and Youths. Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 3(1), 1-5, http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126.

Journal Name : citation_journal : Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences

Oguwike et al

Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences

Vol. 3 (1), pp. 1-5, 2018

Copyright ©2018, the copyright of this article is retained by the author(s)

DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126

http://gjournals.org/GJBHS

 

 

X-Rays of the Potential Elements in Soft Drinks and Their Effects on Some Blood Parameters, Glucose Concentration, Growth and Development of Children and Youths

 

 

Oguwike, F.N.; Igwedibia, C.P.; Ifedi, I.C.; Dim, C.N.; Offor, C.C.; Oguwike, E.R.C.

 

 

1Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Campus Anambra State.

2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Anambra State.

3Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Amaku- Awka, Anambra State.

 

 

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT  

Article No.: 083018126

Type: Research

DOI: 10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126

   

Children and youths require adequate food and drinks for development and growth. Soft drinks are one of those things that can play a good role in the development of growth of children and youths.  Fifty (50) bottles of soft drinks of different brands namely Fanta, Coke, Teem Lemon, Sprite, and Teem Soda were analyzed to know their material make-up. Also twenty (20) subjects consisting of both children and youths were used to study the effect of incessant drinking of soft drinks for 7days. It was observed in the study that the material make-up of most soft drinks are carbonated water, (the major content), sugar and sweetener, followed by flavor and caffeine (in Coca-Cola). The blood glucose concentration in the test subjects (Group B) were higher (FBS 92 + 0.7, RBS 105 + 0.5mg/dl) compared to their corresponding controls (FBS 74.6 + 0.8, RBS 76.2 + 0.3mg/dl), also there was gain in the weight of the test subjects compared to their corresponding control (control weight 35.2 + 0.6kg, Test subjects 52.0 + 1.4kg). No significant variance (P>0.05) in the haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of the test subjects and control subjects. It could be deduced from this study that the presence of sugar and caffeine could be affecting the growth and development of children and youths.  

Submitted: 30/08/2018

Accepted:  08/09/2018

Published: 03/12/2018  

*Corresponding Author

Oguwike F.N

E-mail: foguwike@ gmail. com

Phone: 08037791363  

Keywords:

Soft drinks, Haemoglobin, Weight, Carbonated water, Glucose, Youths and Children     Return to Content       View [Full Article – PDF]

[Full Article – HTML]              [Full Article – EPUB] Post-Publication Peer-review Rundown

View/get involved, click [Peer-review]

REFERENCES

 

Baker F.G, Silverton G.E (1998). Haemoglobin Measurement. Introduction to Medical Lab. Technology. Butter worth Publication, Woburn London p358.

 

Blood Glucose Monitoring System (BG meter) 2007, manufactured by First Gulf international Inc. (FGICO) 3055 Sage road #210 Houston Texas 77056 USA.

 

David W.M (1977).. Nucleotides. Review of physiological chemistry 16th edition. Published by Lange Medical Publication California pg. 123.

 

Electronic code of federal regulations United States Government. Archived from the original on June 13, 2011. Retrieved Febuary 28, 2011. Sec.37.71 pp. (C) and (F).

 

Harbourne J.B.C, (1973). Phytochemical method, Chapman and Hall, London p. 269

 

Kregiel D, (2015). Biomed Research development volume 2015. Article ID 128697. http://dx.doi.org/10-1155/2015.

 

Mayer P.A (1977). Digestion and absorption from the digestive tract. Review of physiological chemistry 16th edition. Published by Lange Medical Publication California pg. 211

 

Oguwike F.N, Alagwu E.A (2013). Comparative study on the effects of various feeds on the fertility hormone levels and blood parameters in albino wistar rats: Journal of health and visual sciences Vol. 15 (1): 38-42 http://ajol:info/index.php/jhvs/issues/archive.

 

Osman A.A, (1978). The importance of sugar in the diet of the school child. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 1931 Jun: 24 (8):1103-1110.

 

Oyewola D, (2002). Functions of growth hormone. Essential physiology vol. 1 p. 186. Published by Nihort press. ISBN 978-3211-8-6 Ibadan Nigeria.

 

Cite this Article: Oguwike, FN; Igwedibia, CP; Ifedi, IC; Dim, CN; Offor, CC; Oguwike, ERC (2018). X-Rays of the Potential Elements in Soft Drinks and Their Effects on Some Blood Parameters, Glucose Concentration, Growth and Development of Children and Youths. Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 3(1), 1-5, http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBHS.2018.1.083018126.

Journal Name : citation_journal : Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences